Key Pointers:
- Melasma is a common form of facial pigmentation, often triggered by sun exposure, hormones, or skin irritation
- It typically appears as symmetrical brown or grey-brown patches on the cheeks, forehead, or upper lip
- Melasma is not harmful, but it can be persistent without proper care
- Treatment may include topical creams, gentle peels, or non-invasive procedures guided by a doctor
- A dermatologist can help identify your triggers and tailor a treatment plan that’s safe for your skin type
What Is Melasma?
Melasma is a common skin condition that causes patches of pigmentation, usually brown or grey-brown, on the face. It’s more common in women, particularly during hormonal changes such as pregnancy or while taking oral contraceptives, but it can affect anyone. These patches are typically symmetrical and appear on sun-exposed areas like the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip. While melasma is harmless, it can be frustrating due to its persistent nature and tendency to flare up without warning.
What Causes Melasma to Develop?
Melasma is caused by an overproduction of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its colour. Several factors may contribute to this, including:
Sun Exposure
UV rays stimulate pigment-producing cells (melanocytes), often making existing melasma worse and triggering new patches.
Hormonal Changes
Pregnancy, birth control pills, and hormone therapy can all influence melanin activity. Melasma linked to pregnancy is sometimes called the “mask of pregnancy.”
Skin Irritation
Using harsh skincare products or over-exfoliating can damage the skin barrier and trigger pigmentation, especially in sensitive skin.
Genetics and Skin Type
People with medium to darker skin tones are more prone to melasma, and it often runs in families.
Is Melasma Permanent?
Melasma can fade on its own, especially if it was triggered by pregnancy or medication, but it often returns or becomes chronic without ongoing care. That’s why dermatologist-guided treatment and prevention are key to long-term management.
How Do Dermatologists Diagnose Melasma?
A trained dermatologist can usually diagnose melasma through a visual examination. In some cases, a special light (like a Wood’s lamp) may be used to determine how deep the pigment lies in the skin. This helps inform the best treatment strategy.
Treatment Options for Melasma (Guided by a Doctor)
Because melasma is complex and affected by many factors, treatment is usually a combination of the following:
1. Topical Skincare
Dermatologists may prescribe pigment-lightening creams containing ingredients such as azelaic acid or niacinamide. These work gradually to reduce dark spots and even out skin tone.
2. Sun Protection
Daily sunscreen is essential, not just during treatment, but as a long-term habit. Broad-spectrum SPF helps prevent further pigment activation and protects treated skin.
3. Gentle Chemical Peels
Superficial peels may help exfoliate discoloured skin and promote renewal. These should only be done under medical supervision to avoid irritation that may worsen melasma.
4. Non-Invasive Treatments
Depending on your skin tone and condition, a doctor may recommend light-based treatments or lasers tailored for pigmentation. These must be used cautiously, especially in darker skin types, to avoid rebound pigmentation.
Can Melasma Be Cured?
Melasma may not have a permanent “cure,” but it can be well-managed with consistent care. Many people see significant improvement with a personalised treatment plan, and, most importantly, daily sun protection.
Like many skin conditions, patience and persistence go a long way. The best results come from a long-term strategy, not quick fixes.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Can melasma go away on its own? In some cases, such as after pregnancy or stopping hormonal medication, melasma may fade naturally. However, it often returns without ongoing care and sun protection.
Q2: Is melasma the same as sun spots or freckles? No. While all are forms of pigmentation, melasma tends to appear as larger, more symmetrical patches and is more often hormone-related.
Q3: Are home remedies effective for melasma? Some natural ingredients may help brighten skin, but home remedies are often too weak or too harsh. It’s best to seek medical guidance to avoid irritation or worsening pigmentation.
Q4: Can men get melasma? Yes, although it’s more common in women, men can also develop melasma, especially with prolonged sun exposure or genetic predisposition.
Q5: How long does melasma treatment take? Results vary, but improvement is often seen within 8–12 weeks. Long-term maintenance, including sun protection, is crucial to prevent recurrence.
When to See a Dermatologist
If you notice stubborn pigmentation that doesn’t fade with time or skincare, or if it worsens with sun or hormonal changes, it’s best to get it assessed by a doctor. A qualified dermatologist can diagnose the condition accurately and recommend a safe, personalised plan.
Personalised Pigmentation Care in Singapore
At NeuGlow The Aesthetics Doctors, we understand that melasma affects more than just your skin, it can impact your confidence, too. Our MOH-accredited team will work with you to identify your triggers and recommend treatment options that suit your skin type and goals.
Book a consultation today for clear and even-toned skin, with care that’s tailored to you.
